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President signs child nutrition bill

By Daniel Weintraub

President Barack Obama has signed an extension of the nation’s child nutrition program, including new provisions designed to make school meals healthier for kids.

The bill authorizes the US Department of Agriculture to update the current nutritional standards for school lunches and to set standards for all food sold on school campuses, including vending machines, “a la carte” lines and school stores.

The idea behind the bill is to bringer fresher, healthier food into the schools, replacing processed food with whole foods whenever possible.

The measure will increase reimbursement by about 6 cents per meal for schools that meet the new standards.

The law also tries to encourage schools to adopt “farm to school” networks and school gardens that lead to the use of more locally grown foods in school lunches. And it expands access to drinking water for school children.

The bill is expected to expand access to free school meals to an additional 150,000 children by using the Medicaid eligibility process to directly certify children for the school meal program.

About 31 million children already receive meals through the school meal program.

A “sample menu” released Monday by the White House demonstrates the ambitious nature of the change the bill contemplates.

Instead of hot dogs with ketchup, pizza sticks or bean and cheese burritos, the menu suggests items such as a chef salad, whole wheat spaghetti and a submarine sandwich with low-fat cheese on a whole wheat roll. Instead of applesauce and canned pears, children would get fresh broccoli and cauliflower, baby carrots and kiwi halves.

 

Obesity rates levelling off among some children

By Daniel Weintraub

Childhood obesity rates in California are showing signs of leveling off or even declining among some adolescents, a new study led by UC San Francisco researchers has found.

But the rates continue to climb for some ethnic groups, and the worst cases are as numerous, and as serious, as ever.

The study, published online today in the journal Pediatrics, was the first to find differences in obesity trends over time by race and ethnicity, according to the authors.

Kristine Madsen, MD, MPH, an assistant professor of pediatrics at UCSF, and colleagues examined the body mass index (BMI) among adolescents in California from 2001 through 2008. The data for 8 million 5th, 7th and 9th graders were available from records kept as part of school fitness exams.

The study found that obesity rates among white and Asian girls and boys peaked in 2005, then dropped through 2008. Rates for Hispanic children also peaked that year and then leveled off, even as obesity rates for Hispanic boys declined. Rates among black boys were stable through the entire period.

Obesity rates for black and American Indian girls climbed throughout the period. And these groups were more than three times as likely as white girls to be severely obese.

And when comparing groups at the 99th percentile of body mass index — severely obese — only Asian youth and white boys showed any signs of decline after 2005. All other groups – including Hispanic boys and girls, white girls, black boys and girls, and American Indian boys and girls – peaked in 2005 and then remained at a plateau through 2008.

“When you look at the very heaviest end of the spectrum, the picture is pretty bleak, and we do not yet know if severe obesity rates for these groups will remain at a plateau or continue to increase,” Madsen added.

While the results suggest that anti-obesity campaigns are having an effect, Madsen said more change is needed at home, at school and in after-school gathering places to encourage healthier eating habits and reduce food consumption.

“While the decline and stabilization of obesity among certain groups is encouraging, we are seeing an increase in disparities that is troubling, especially among the most severely obese youth,” Madsen said. “As our country becomes increasingly diverse, it is critical that we act quickly to address these disparities.”

 

Research shows dental care disparities among white, minority children

By Daniel Weintraub

Latino and African American children in Medicaid have high rates of tooth decay but visit dentists less often than children with private insurance, according to a new article in the journal Health Affairs.

But the racial and ethnic disparities go beyond economic status. Latino and African American children with private insurance are less likely than white children to see a dentist, and they go longer between visits. And Latino and African American children in Medicaid are more likely than white children in Medicaid to go longer between trips to the dentist.

The findings are based on the California Health Interview Survey. The research was supported by the California Healthcare Foundation.

“The findings suggest that having insurance isn’t always enough,” said co-author Nadereh Pourat, Ph.D., and director of research planning at the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research. “We need to address the other barriers that keep children from getting the help they need.”

To see the entire article, click here.

 

Santa Clara proposes new tax for Healthy Kids program

Almost a decade ago, Santa Clara County began a novel program that sought to bring health care coverage to every child in the county who was without it. The plan combined government funding with private donations and cooperation from health plans. And it worked. The number of kids without coverage dropped from one in eight to just 3 percent as 171,000 children were added to the rolls. But now the economic downturn that has prompted government and foundation cutbacks threatens the program, which has been closed to new enrollments for three years. And the county wants voters to pass a parcel tax to save the program. Karen de Sa of the San Jose Mercury has the story here.

 

Santa Clara to restrict linking of toys, unhealthy food

The Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors has given tentative approval to an ordinance that would restrict the ability of restaurants to use toys or other incentives to entice children into eating meals that are high in fat, sugar, and calories. The ordinance is believed to be the first of its kind in the United States.

According to county Supervisor Ken Yeager, who sponsored the ordinance, the Federal Trade Commission estimated that in 2006, restaurants sold 1.2 billion meals accompanied by toys to children under 12. A 2008 study by the Center for Since in the Public Interest found that 10 out of 12 meals exceeding the recommended number of calories for children came with toys, according to Yeager.

“This ordinance levels the playing field,” Yeager said. “It helps parents make the choices they want for their children without toys and other freebies luring them toward food that fails to meet basic nutritional standards.”

The ordinance, which would apply only in the unincorporated areas of the county, would allow restaurants to offer toys and other incentives as long as the food they come with meets national nutritional criteria for children.

Food would be considered unhealthy if it had more than 120 calories for a beverage, 200 for a single food item or 485 for a meal) excessive sodium (480 mg for a single food item or 600 mg for a meal), excessive fat (more than 35 percent of total calories from fat), or excessive sugar (more than 10 percent of calories from added sweeteners.) The criteria are based on standards for children’s health created by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) and the Department of Agriculture (USDA) and recommendations for children’s food published by the Institute of Medicine (IOM).

The ordinance will not go into effect until the board of supervisors gives it final approval, scheduled for a May 11 meeting.

 

Who pays taxes in California

The California Budget Project has released its annual look at who pays taxes in California. The report highlights the effect of last year’s tax changes — the tax increase that was pretty much across the board, and the tax cuts for business. According to Jean Ross, the Budget Project’s director, the changes dramatically broadened the range of low-income people who pay income taxes, largely because of the reduction in the size of the dependent tax credit. For a family of four with two children did not pay state personal income taxes in 2008 until their income topped $51,335. In 2009, they reached that threshold at $36,325. The revenue raised from this tax increase, Ross notes, was pretty much wiped out by the revenue lost to the tax cuts for business.

The CBP report is especially helpful because so many of these comparisons look only at income tax. This one looks at income, sales and other taxes.

See the full report here.

 

The place to go for data on kids

kids data

This chart from kidsdata.org shows the demographics of California families with children.

If you follow issues involving children and their health and well being, you should be aware of a web site that provides tons of data on California kids, organized in a way that is easy to find and use. Kidsdata.org, a project of the Lucile Packard Foundation for Children’s Health, presents the information on a statewide basis and broken out by region. The site houses millions of facts presented by school district, city and county, making it easy to compare and contrast how kids are doing in different places.

Want to know how many kids lack health insurance coverage in California? It was 5.7 percent as of 2007. In San Francisco County, 1.2 percent of kids had no coverage. In Shasta, however, it was 17.6 percent.

Kidsdata.org has numbers for just about anything you would want to know about kids in California, and they update it regularly. Check it out if you have not used it already.

 

Care for 1 million kids at risk

The California Budget Project has just released a county-by-county analysis showing how Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger’s budget proposal would affect children’s health care. Statewide, the study says, 216,000 children would lose eligibility in the first round of cuts, the state would lose $265 million in federal funds, 824,000 kids would lose vision care, and 377,000 would see increased premiums. If the governor’s proposal to eliminate the Healthy Families program unless the state gets $6.9 billion in additional federal aid, more than 1 million kids would lose coverage and the state would forfeit $1 billion in federal funds. See the full report here.

 
 
 

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